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追求无糖更健康？剑桥新研究敲响甜味剂警钟

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健康与饮食

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高中二年级

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时文摘要

很多人选择甜味剂代替食糖，认为它更加健康。剑桥大学一项新研究带来警示：各类甜味剂能够影响肠道细菌生长，与其他物质搭配时还会产生多变效果，值得我们重视。

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Do you know that the sweeteners in your favorite drinks may do more than just add sweetness? A new study from Cambridge University shows they can affect the bacteria living in our gut. These tiny organisms play an important role in keeping our body healthy.

Sweeteners are widely used in many foods and drinks. You can find them in soft drinks, candies, desserts, and snacks. They are often marketed as healthier choices than sugar. However, scientists are finding more evidence that they may be linked to health problems such as obesity and diabetes. These health problems may be connected to changes in gut bacteria.

In this study, researchers tested 39 different sweeteners in the lab. They grew 25 types of gut bacteria and exposed each type to the sweeteners. The results showed that about three-quarters of them changed how at least one type of bacteria grew. Some sweeteners even slowed down or stopped the growth of bacteria that are important for a healthy gut.

The study also looked at what happens when sweeteners are mixed with other common substances. In over 100 cases, the effects changed. Some combinations made the effect stronger, while others made it weaker. For example, a sweetener made from stevia (甜菊) plant was combined with a common medicine used for depression. Together, they strongly reduced the growth of two important gut bacteria. The mixture also appeared to affect cells that play a role in the body’s immune responses.

The scientists point out that more research is still needed. This study was carried out in the lab, not in humans. However, it tells us that sweeteners may affect our body in more complex ways than we used to think. The findings can help guide future studies toward understanding how sweeteners might influence our health.
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